Computing machine



May' 5, 1931. J. c. HOCHMAN ETAL COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 18, 1921 2 Sheets-Shea! G'U5TAVE 0. DEGENER AT RNEYS N 3A m mm N Em vC Ms W L U Patented May 5, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JULIUS C. HOGHMAN A ND GUSTAVE O. DEGENEB, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.; SAID DEGENER ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF OF HIS RIGHT TO SAID HOGHMAN AND ONE-BALI" H18 RIGHT TO MAURICE SAMBURG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMPUTING MACHINE Application filed November 18, 1921.

Our present invention relates to computing machines and particularly to the type of machine in which some operation, as, for Instance, a tabulating operation is to be per formed for each number, by an independent manual operation.

The invention in its preferred a plication aims to provide a machine of the a ove type in which correct, tabulation shall be substantially assured even where the operator is inexperienced or careless.

The invention has its preferred application to that variety of machine of the above type in which a prlnting mechanism is under the control of the computing keys, to print the corresponding digit, upon each key actuaadvertently omitted and successive key actuations be performed, the totalizer would register the arithmetic sum of the digits rather than the number, while the printing mechanism would correctly register the number, since its escapement functions independently of any tabulating setting. Since, therefore, the number would be printed correctly, the operator might not become aware of the error introduced in the totalizer by the omission to tabulate.

To avoid this difficulty, we have provided means to' eifectively'apprise the operator of the omission to tabulate, as soon as she attempts to actuate a computing key. In the preferred embodiment, this result is achieved by providing means to prevent the actuation of the computing keys whenever the totalizer is in home or non-tabulated position. More specifically, this result is accomplished by automatically lockingthe common transmission between the keys and the totalizer, when thetotalizer returns to home position and ef- Serial No. 516,015.

fecting an automatic release of said lock by shifting the totalizer to tabulated position.

According to another feature, the tabulatmg keyheads are so disposed that upon effecting a setting by actuatin any selected key, the likelihood is avoided 0% concurrently actuating another key by inadvertence and to there y cause a shift of the totalizer to aposition other than that corresponding to the selected key.

Preferably, the latter object is achieved by forming the tabulatin ke heads at different elevations, the normal y e evated position of each key of lower order being no higher than the most depressed position of the adjacent key of higher order.

the accompanying drawings in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the several features of this invention,

Fig. 1 is a fra entary plan view of a preferred form 0 machine embodying our invention,

Fig, 2 is a fragmentary detail upon a larger scale illustrating the device in one stage of operation,

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the device in another stage of operation,

Flg. 4 1s a plan view of the tabulating block, and;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5--5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of one form of computing machine embodying the present invention as attached to one form of printing mechanism, namely a typewriter, and

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view indi eating certain details of the transmission.

' Fig. 8 is an other transverse sectional view, indicating particularly the details of the transmission between the computing keys and the totalizer driving means.

. Similarreference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Referring now to the drawings, we have shown in assembled position and in general outline merely, without regard to complete details, a fragment of a machine of the general type fully disclosed in the Patents Nos. 1,609,205 and 1,609,206 issued on No vember 30,1926, to Maurice Samburg'and Julius C. Hochman, in which an adding machine unit is mounted upon the front plate of a typewriter of conventional construction with the computing keys located directly above the key levers of the corresponding typewriter number keys, so that upon actuat1on of any computing key, the adding machine attachment will set up the correspond ing digit, and concurrently therewith the typewriter printing mechanism will print said digit. The computing machine escapement in the preferred type of construction is separate and distinct from that of the t pewriter, so that where a number say of t ree digits is to be set up, if the totalizer is not first set into correctly tabulated position to the right of units position, then as the three computing keys are actuated in succession, the typewriter will correctly print the number but the totalizer will incorrectly add the number, the three digits. being added in succession, all in units position, so that the totalizer accumulates the sum of the digits in the number to be set up. For instance, where the number 235 is to be set up in the machine, if the previous tabulating action is omitted, the printing mechanism would correctly print 235, while the totalizer would merely add ten, the sum of the digits.

In the drawings are shown merely those details of the preferred type that bear most directly upon the present invention. There is shown a base plate 1 upon which are mounted computing keys 2 slidable in corresponding grooves 3 and connected for actuating the computing mechanism which is enclosed in a casing 5. The mechanism includes a train of transmission gears for operating the totalizer 6, and also control and safeguarding elements for governing or timing the order of operation of the various elements in the mechanism and for assuring accurate action. The control and safeguarding mechanism includes a control plate 7 which extends the length of casing 5 in the path of operation of all of the computing keys, the latter having tongues 4: overlapping the upper edge of the control plate. The control plate is interlocked with a control shaft 8 which performs a number of functions not material to the present invention and other functions to be set forth below. The

- control plate has in its path, the end 9 of the from the key through lug 52 and carries a .ratchet rack lever 11 pivoted as at 12 to a frame portion 13 on the totalizer carriage. The rack is urged downwardly by a coil spring 14 against a stationary pawl tooth 15, and a spring S shown as a tension spring tends to urge the totalizer toward the left, the movement being normally arrested by the contact of stationary pawl 15 with oneof the teeth 16 of the rack. The coil spring 14 is secured at one end to the lever and at the other end to a tongue 17 on the frame piece 13. The lever 10 has a fixed pivot 18 intermediate its ends, and the end 9 is formed with 8. lug 19 to be contacted and depressed by the lower edge of the control plate 7 when an operating key reaches the end of its operative stroke, so as to raise the opposite end 20 of the lever to elevate a piece 21 pivoted as at 22 to the frame of the machine, the ratchet rack lever 11 being in turn, raised by said piece to clear pawl 15 and to permit spring S to advance the totalizer through the width of one number wheel and no further. In the preferred construction, the lever 21 has a struck-up tongue 23 slightly inclined from the vertical and the successive ratchet rack teeth are spaced from each other by horizontal connecting portions 24, such that, as the control plate raises the escapement operating lever 10, the latter will bring the struck-up tongue 23 on piece 21 into engagement with a connecting portion 24 on the rack and thereupon raise the latter to clear pawl tooth 15. Immediately thereafter, the spring S advances the totalizer and the attached rack bar through the length of connecting portion 24, so that the point of the subsequent tooth 16 will be moved past the pawl 15 and when the lever- 10 is again released b the return of the control plate, the spring assisted by spring 1 1 will urge the totalizer and ratchet rack bar toward the left to complete its displacement through the width of a tooth, until it is arrested by contact of the advance end of the succeeding tooth with the stationary pawl 15. Preferably the lever 21 is urged downwardly by a spring 25 to the position shown in Fig. 1. The lever 21 has an end 26 projecting outwardl from the casing 5 as a fin er piece. The plece 21 can thus be used as a and-spacing lever by which the totalizer can be caused to return by successive operations, step by step toward home position, when it has inadvertently been tab ulated to a place of higher order than desired.

In the machine of the type set forth in the patents of Maurice Samburg and Julius C. Hochman above referred to, the totalizer carriage is provided with a thumb piece 27 by which it ma be shifted into tabulated'position and a bank of tabulating keys 28 are provided by which the carriage is speedily placed in the exact position desired for tabulation, by contact of an extension 29 on the thumb piece with stops associated with the keys. In the .present application, we have disclosed an improved form of tabulating bank which will be fully described below.

The type of machine set forth, in common with many other types includes, full-stroke mechanism as part of the safeguarding mechanism for assuring complete return of the various operating parts to home position upon actuation of any key and before a subsequent key can be actuated. Mechanism of this general type is described in the patents above referred to, but a preferred form is fully described and claimed in our copending application, Serial No. 510,545 filed October 26, 1921, and is shown at 30 in the drawings and need, therefore, not be fully described here. It may simply be briefly noted here, that the device comprises a rack bar 31 connected to the control plate 7 and movable therewith, and coacting pawl teeth 32 and 33 so arranged that the rack bar 31 can change its direction of reciprocation only after passing both of the teeth to a position corresponding to the end of the control plate stroke. The consequence is that when any key is not returned completely to home position, the control plate and with it the various keys are held against operation.

In the preferred specific embodiment means is provided for preventing the complete return of the control plate when the totalizer is in home or non-tabulated position, so that the full stroke mechanism will then be instrumental in locking the computing mechanism and through it, all of the keys against actuation, until a tabulating operation has been performed. For this purpose, a pawl 35 is pivoted as at 36 upon the frame piece 13. The pawl has a tongue 37 extending inwardly from its side into the small gap between the edge 39 of the frame piece 13 and the adjacent coil spring 14. When the totalizer is in tabulated position as shown in Fig. 1, for instance, the pawl 35 is clear of all of the operating parts, and in no way affects the usual operation.

The lug 19 on the escapement actuating lever 10 is preferably arranged in the path of movement of the lower end of pawl 35 and is preferably reached thereby as the totalizer carriage approaches units position. As the totalizer passes from tens to units position, the lug 19 arrests the corresponding end of the pawl 35 and in the continued movement of the totalizer carriage to the units or home position, the relatively stationary lug 19 on the lever 10 causes a lateral displacement of the pawl 35 about its pivot 36 and a corresponding deflection of spring 14 as shown'in Fig. 2. When the lever lug 19 is now dopressed by the control plate in setting up the final or units digit, it clears the adjacent pawl 35 and immediately thereafter, the spring 14 straightens and-snaps the pawl laterally to the position shown in Fig. 3, the edge of the pawl being beveled or rounded as at 40 to facilitate this operation. The edge 39 limits the movement'of the pawl by the contact therewith of lug 37 and the lower edge of the pawl is abutted by lug 19 which now rests on stationary bar B, and transfers the locking force to this solid bar. A lug or pin 42 formed on the control shaft 8 is arrested by the pawl shoulder 43 as said shaft performs its return rotation during, but prior to the completion thereof. In other words, the lug is arranged in such position that the pawl tooth .43 prevents the complete return of the control shaft and of the interlocked control plate to home position. The full stroke mechanism therefor locks the control plate and through it the transmission mecha nism, and all of the computing keys against operation. Any attempt to strike a computing key will now be prevented by the locked control plate until the tabulating operation has been performed.

In the tabulating operation for a number of two or more digits, the selected tabulating key is depressed and the thumb piece moved toward the right, drawing with it the totalizer carriage, the rack bar 11, the frame piece 13, the pawl 35 and the spring 14 to a position such as shown in Fig. 1, in which the pawl 35 is well to the right of lug 42. The control shaft being now no longer restrained by the pawl is returned by the return spring (not shown) as is the control plate, thus freeing the computing keys and transmission mechanism for operation.

If a number of a single digit is to be set up, the carriage is moved by the tabulating means through but afraction of the width of a tooth, in which case, the lug 42 is cleared by the pawl 35, as is the lug 19 on the rack actuating lever. The control shaft and plate being now no longer restrained return to home position and the full stroke mechanism no longer locks the machine, which is thus released for operation, and after the computing key is struck, the machine again becomes locked in the manner set forth at the end of the preceding paragra h.

Obviously, the invention is not limited in its application to a tabulator interlock, but the mechanism locking means may be arranged to assure the performance of some operation rather than tabulation prior to, or at any other stage of the actuation of the computing mechanism.

The tabulating key bank Our improved tabulating key bank is specially designed to prevent, in the depression of any tabulating key, an unintentional concurrent'depression of another key of denomination such .as to effect arrest of the totalizer in incorrect position. In the preferred embodiment the tabulator includes a tabulator base block 51 preferably secured as by screws 44 upon the casing 5. Eacntabulator key has a shank 45, the lower end of which when the key is depressed acts as a stop for the thumb piece extension 29 to arrest the totalizer carriage in the corresponding tabulated position. The successive shanks. are, therefore, spaced apart longitudinally of the base block at intervals equal to the width of the totalizer number wheel, in the order of inch. As the key heads are wider than this small interval, the keys are staggered as shown in Fig. 4. The odd-numbered shanks are disposed adjacent one edge of the base block at intervals of the width of two number wheels, and the even-numbered keys midway between the adjacent odd-numbered keys and at the opposite edge. The stroke of each key is preferably limited, so that it may be de pressed only through a range sufiicient to enter into the path of the thumb piece extension and no further. For this prupose, we

prefer to employ a plate 46 which may be retained against the lower surface of the block 51 by the same screws 44 that hold the block upon the casing. The key shanks are providedeach with preferably a square-ended notch 47. all of uniform length, straddling the adjacent edge of the plate 46, so that upon depression of a key, it can be shifted only through a definite uniform range limited by the length of the notch. Each encircled by a corresponding coil spring 48, -Which maintains the same in elevated posikey shank is tion with the lower end of the notch 47 abutting the plate 46.

The key heads 49 even with the distribution set forth, are so close together that in operation, unless special care is exercised and the speed of operation is correspondingly reduced, there is a likelihood in depressing a selected tabulating key, that the finger bridges an adjacent tabulating key of lower order in which event, the totalizer carriage would, of course, be arrested in incorrect position.

We remedy this defect by arranging the key heads at graduated elevations, preferably by providing key shanks of graduated lengths. Each shank of odd number is longer than that of the odd-numbered key ad- 'jacent thereto of next lower order, and the excess length is preferably substantially equal to the constant length of the key stroke. Thus, the tabulating key head 5 is at a normal elevation so much higher than that of key shank 3, that when the former is depressed to its limit, it will then be substantially at the same level as the latter in undepressed position. Thus, if in depressing the key 5, for instance, the finger were to bridge the space intervening between said keys, then the key 5 upon reaching the limit of its stroke will arrest the finger against further downward movement below the level of undepressed key 3. Of course, if in depressing a key of selected denomination, the adjacent key of higher denomination be straddled by the finger, correct tabulation will not be interferedwith.

In the embodiment shown, the even-numbered key heads 2, 4, 6 are at graduated elevations similarly, and for the same purpose as are the odd-numbered keys above described, but each even numbered key is preferably at an elevation materially higher than both the key of odd number of next lower and that of next higher denomination. In depressing any odd-numbered key there is thus no danger of depressing an adjacent even-numbered key of lower denomination, since such even-numbered key is at an elevation so much higher that the finger tip cannot straddle and operate both. It is thus seen that upon depression of any tabulating key, no effective concurrent depression of an adjacent even or odd-numbered key will take place, since with respect to each key, all of the adjacent keys of lower denomination are at an elevation either materially higher or lower than the limiting depressed position of the selected key. In no case is the relative elevation of two key heads that may be bridged by the finger tip, such as to permit effective concurrent depression of a key of lpwer order with a selected key of higher or- -In order to guard the thumb piece extension 29 against distortion, which might result if a tabulating key were depressed thereon when the device is already in tabulated position, we prefer to form the casing 5 with a depressed portion or groove 50 immediately below the block 51 so that the thumb piece extension 29 will travel as in a tunnel inside the groove between the depressed wall portion 50 and the base of the block 51.

It will thus be seen that we have provided a computing machine which substantially assures a correct tabulating setting prior to setting up of a number. If an operator negligently omits to tabulate, the device is locked until tabulation is effected, and if she tabulates too low, the machine becomes locked before the final digit is set up, apprising the operator of her error. If the actual process of tabulating, even if the finger tip, in actuating a selected key should bridge a neighboring key, nevertheless, tabulation other than that corresponding to the selected tabulating key is avoided.

The preferred specific illustrative embodiment described in detail constitutes an im- I provement upon a specific type of adding ma-. chine mounted upon a typewriter to perform the computing operation and utilize the printing mechanism of the typewriter for a permanent record. Obviously, the invention has a broad range of application to computing machine constructions independent of typewriters, and either with or wlthout printing mechanism. The invention also, it will be readily understood is not limited to a computing machine having the specific constructional features of the attachment machine indicated in the drawings, but is broadly applicable to any computing machine of the type in which some operation, as, for instance, a tabulating operation is to be first performed before the computing keys are to be operated. In any such relation, our invention serves to prevent the effective settlng up of numbers until the preliminary action has been performed. The structural details of the specific embodiment disclosed may, moreover, he modified widely to accomplish the result of limiting the homeward return of the parts to set the full stroke mechanism into operation for locking the keys.

Obviously, we could depart, within the scope of our invention, from the preferred arrangement of preventing the complete return of transmission parts to home position when the totalizer is in non-tabulated position, so that the full stroke device operates as the locking mechanism. The transmission to the totalizer or other interlocked operating parts could for instance, be directly locked by any appropriate means independent of the full stroke mechanism when the totalizer reaches home position.

Although the specific arrangement shownand described is preferred, it will also be apparent that instead of relying upon the positive locking action to prevent actuatlon of the keys prior to tabulation, the ultimate result might be achieved, within the scope of certain of the following claims, by an interruption somewhere in the mechanism between the key and the totalizer or the printing element, or both.

We claim a 1. In a computing machine, in combination, a bank of tabulating keys for assisting in placing a carriage in tabulated position, said keys being in proximity to each other closer than the width of the operators finger, each key head extending beyond the head of that key adjacent thereto, the actuation of which concurrently with the selected key would effect incorrect tabulation and a totalizer shifting finger piece arranged to be actuated by the thumb as a tabulator key is actuated by the index finger.

2. In a tabulating mechanism for computing machines, in combination, a bank of tabulating key shanks spaced from each other by a distance longitudinally of the device, substantially equal to the width of totalizer number wheels and less than the width of an operators finger, each shank having anassociated sto for arresting a totalizer carriage in fixed posltion, there being differences in elevation between each key head and the. key heads adjacent thereto, such that any key head when depressed to its limit shall be at an elevation no lower than the highest elevation of the key head nearest thereto of lower denomination and a totalizer shifting finger piece arranged to be actuated by the thumb as a tabulator key is actuated by the index finger.

3. A tabulating unit comprising the combination of a base block, a plurality of tabulating key shanks extending transversely through said block, a plate secured to the inside of said block, notches in said shanks, each straddling an edge of said plate, the ends of said notches being square to limit the stroke of said keys by contact with said plate,

the key heads being at graduated distances from the base block, whereby u on actuation of any key to determine a ta ulated position, concurrent depression of an adjacent key to effect incorrect tabulation is avoided.

l. In a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer, a thumb piece therefor, a bank of tabulating keys, each havin a stop associated therewith to be interposed in the path of displacement' of said thumb piece for determining the tabulated position, and guard means to prevent depression of said thumb piece by actuation of a tabulating key when the carriage is in tabulated position.

5. In a computing machine, in combination, a casing, a totalizer carriage therein having a projecting tongue, a thumb piece for said carriage projecting outside said casing, a bank of tabulating keys mounted upon said casing, each having a stop associated therewith to be interposed in the path of displacement of said tongue, a part of said casing being depressed to form a guide, for said tongue,

6. In a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer carriage therein, a thumb piece connected to said carriage having a part thereof extending outside said casing, a depression in said easing into which an extension of said thumb piece is directed when the carriage is moved to tabulated position, a bank of tabulating keys comprising a base block covering said depression and affording a passage for said extension, the tabulating keys projecting transversely through said base block and each being adapted to be displaced into the path of said extension.

7. In a computing machine, of the type including a totalizer adapted for movement only when computing is intended, a printing mechanism adapted for operation at all times and a bank of computing keys associated with said printing mechanism in such manner that upon actuation of each computing key, the

printing mechanism prints the corresponding printing mechanism from said keys in any position of said printing mechanism, tabulating means for setting the totalizer in the position corresponding to the order of the number to be set up, and means automatically actuated upon operation of said tabulating means, to render the printing mechanism reiponsive to an operating impulse upon any In a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer carriage, a bank of number keys, control mechamsin 7, arranged to be operated by the actuation of each of said number keys, means to lock said control mechanism agalnst a repeated operation from between the ends of t e return movement thereof, and means automatically actuated after return of the totalizer carriage to non-tabulated position in any lateral position on the sheet, to lock said control mechanism against completion of its return movement, whereby all of the number keys will be blocked ziaigain'st operation until tabulation has been e acted.

9. In a computing machine of the type comprising a totalizer, a bank of com uting keys, a transmission connecting sai computing keys to said totalizer, control mechanism interlocked with said transmission and operable through identical ran e by 0 erat1on of each key, means connec to sai control mechanism to prevent a repeated operation of an key from between the ends of its stroke, an means associated with said totalizer to block the complete return of saidcontrol mechanism when the final digit has been set up, and manually operable means free at all times to permit a tabulating setting of said totalizer in any lateral osition on the sheet for accommodatin t e number of places to be set up, said ta ulating means interrelated with said locking means to release the latter in tabulated setting of said totallzer.

10. In a computing machine, in combination, a bank of number keys, a totalizer carriage, control mechanism 1n the path of displacement of all of the keys, throughout the strokes thereof, means to lock said control mechanism and through it said keys againstactuation exce t when in its normal position and means inc uding a awl actuated by said totalizer carriage to loc said control mechanism against complete return to normal po sition when the totalizer is in non-tabulated position in any lateral position on the sheet.

11. In a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer, a carriage, a control shaft,

a bank of number keys, transmission mechanism between said number keys, said totalizer and said control shaft, means to lock said control shaft against a repeated movement in the operative direction except when in its normal position, and a pawl carried by said carriage and automatically shifted into blocking position with respect to said shaft after return of said carriage to non-tabulated position, to thereb lock the keys against operation until a ta ulating operation .has been performed.

12. In a com uting machine, in combination, a totalizer aving a carriage, tabulating means therefor, a pawl on said carriage, a bank of number keys, a transmission for delivering the impulse from said number keys to said totalizer, said pawl locking said transmission against operation after an operation in units position, and releasing said transmission when the totalizer is shifted from units sition.

13. ii a computingmachine, in combination, a totalizer, a carriage, a bank of number keys, transmission mechanism betwen said keys and said totalizer, control mechanism interlocked with said transmission and operable throughthe same range for each number key operation and from the beginning of the stroke thereof, a pawl under the influence. of the carriage adapted to lock said control mechanism when the machine is in non-tabulated condition and displaced from locking position when the machine is in tabulated condition, spring means to ur e said pawl toward locking osition when t e final digit is set up, a bloc ring lever in the path of the locking movement of said pawl, and means to move said lever out of blocking position upon the final key stroke, whereby said spring will then urge said pawl into locking position.

14. The combination set forth in claim 13 in which an escapement ratchet rack influenced by said spring means is ivoted to the carriage, and in which the loc ing pawl when restrained by the blocking lever distorts said spring, so that the said spring serves to urge the awl to locking position upon releasing the iilockin lever.

15. In a computing mac 'ne, in combination, a bank of number keys, a totalizer having a carriage, an escapement ratchet rack associated therewith,transmission mechanism interposed between said keys and said totalizer, control mechanism interlocked with said transmission and operable through the same range by the actuation of each key, an escapement actuating lever operated by said control mechanism to cause the step by step advance of the totalizer as the successive digits are set up, said control mechanism ineluding a shaft having a lug thereon, a pawl carried by said totalizer carriage adapted when the final digit is set up to block the lug in order to prevent completion of the return movement of the shaft, a spring to urge said pawl toward locking position when the totalizer is in units position, said escapement actuating lever having a portion blocking the movement of said pawl to home position, whereby upon setting up of the final digit, said lever will bemoved from blocking position and said spring will urge saidpawl into locking position, and means to prevent a repeated movement of the control mecha' nism and with it of the keys until the totalizer has been moved to a tabulated position to disengage the locking pawl. Y

16. The combination set forth in claim 15 in which the escapement actuating1 lever has an upstanding stop portion for t e locking awl and in which the corner of the pawl adacent said stop is beveled to expedite the action thereof.

17. In a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer carriage, totalizer wheels carried thereby, a frame element movable with said carriage, a ratchet rack escapement bar pivoted to said frame element, a coil spring connecting said esca ment bar to another part of said frame e ement, and a tabulator locking pawl pivoted to said frame element and having a portion extending between said coil spring and the adjacent edge of said frame element.

18. In a computing machine adapted for interrelation with a typewriter having a paper carriage, in combination, a totalizer, computing key means, means functioning automatically to prevent further operation of said computing keys when the totalizer reaches a predetermined'setting, and manually operable means to perform a preliminary operation and concurrently to restore the computing keys to operative condition, without regard to the positlon of said paper carriage.

19. In a computing machine adapted for interrelation with a typewriter having a paper carriage, in combination, a tabulating means, computing key mean-s, means to automatically lock said computing key means against further operation when said tabulating means reaches non-tabulated position, and

manually operable means to release said locking means preparatory to setting up a number and concurrently therewith to perform another function, without regard to the position of said paper carriage.

20. In a computing machine of the type including a totalizer, a keyboard from whichv numbers are printed without affecting the position and condition of the totalizer and a distinct keyboard through which printing and adding are efiected simultaneously, tab- I ulating means for setting the totalizer and means interlocked with said computing keyboard for restraining the same against operation prior to a tabulating action, while leaving the printing keys free for operation at all times.

.21. In a computing machine of the type including a bank of computing keys, at totalizer adapted for movement only when computing is intended and printing mechanism to be operated thereby, said parts being constructed and arranged in such manner that upon effective actuation of each computing key the izer and said printing mechanism from said 'keys, tabulating means for setting the totalizer to the position corresponding to the order of the number to be set up, and means interrelated with the tabulating means for automaticactuation in the settin operation thereof, to render both the totafizer and the printing mechanism responsive to an operatingim ulse u on any computing key.

22. n a sel contained computing machine, adapted for interrelation with an ordinary typewriter having a paper carriage, in combination, a bank of computing keys, tabulating means for the com uting machine operable in all lateral positions of the paper carriage for readily setting said totalizer in computing osition, means retaining all of said computing keys in locked position, and means controlled by said tabulating means for automatically releasing said computing keys without regard to the position of said paper carriage.

23. In a self contained computing machine adapted for interrelation with a typewriter having a paper carriage, in combination, a bank of computing keys, a totalizer,.tabulat ing means for the computing machine operable in all lateral positions of the paper carriage for readily setting said totalizer in computing position, a single locking means controlling the train of mechanism between all of said keys and said totalizer to prevent effective operation of said keys and means under control of said tabulating mechanism for releasing said locking means to permit setting up of the number after the tabulating operation has been completed, without regard to the position of said paper carriage.

24;. In a combined typewriting and computing machine in combination, a bank of comp-uting keys, a totalizer, means to prevent a repeated operative stroke from between the ends of the return stroke of the computing keys in any tabulated position of the totalizer, said means also being operable to prevent the eflective initiation of a computing key stroke after a single computing actuation subsequent to the return of the totalizer to units position, regardless of the position of the typewriter platen.

25. In a combined typewriting and computing machine of the type including a type-- writer carriage and a separate totalizer carriage, in combination, a bank of computing must first be shifted from home position before any com uting key can be operated, regardless' of t e position of the typewnter carria 26. l: a computing machine adapted for attachment to a typewriter, in combination,

a bank of number keys, a totalizer, transmission mechanism between said keys and said totalizer, means to automaticallylock said transmission after return of the totalizer to initial position, and means to release said lockin means upon shifting of said totalizer from initial position, said machine permittin" direct unimpeded operation of the typewriter at all times.

27 In a computing mechanism associated v with a wide carriage printing mechanism, in

combination, a bank of computing ke s, a

totalizer, transmission mechanism elivering-theimpulse from the computing keys to the totalizer, means to lock the transmission when the totalizer is in non-tabulated setting, said means including a pawl free from said transmission when the totalizer is in tabulated setting and brought into locking cooperation therewith when the mecha msm is in non-tabulated, setting, without regard to the position of the printmg carriage.

'28. In a computing mechanism, in combination, a bank of computing keys, a totalizer, transmissionmec'hanism for delivering the impulse from the computing keys to the totalizer, means to lock the transmission when the'totalizer is out of tabulated setting in any lateral position on the sheet, said means including a pawl free from said transmission when the totalizer is in tabulated setting, and brought into locking cooperation therewith when the mechanism is in non-tabulated setting, blocking means coacting with said roaches non-tabulated setting to prevent ocking of the transmission, and means bepawls as the totalizer ap- 

